ABSTRACT
Abstract Passiflora nitida Kunth, an Amazonian Passiflora species, is little studied, although the specie's high biological potential. Herein the plant's pharmacognostic characterization, extract production, antioxidant potential evaluation, and application of this extract in cosmetic products is reported. The physical chemical parameters analyzed were particle size by sieve analysis, loss through drying, extractive yield, total ash content, laser granulometry, specific surface area and pore diameter (SBET), differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry (TG), and wave dispersive X-Ray fluorescence (WDXRF). Total phenol/flavonoid content, LC-MS/MS analysis, DPPH and ABTS antioxidant radical assays, cytotoxicity, melanin, and tyrosinase inhibition in melanocytes test provided evidence to determine the content of the major constituent. P. nitida dry extract provided a fine powder with mesopores determined by SBET, with the TG curve showing five stages of mass loss. The antioxidant potential ranged between 23.5-31.5 mgâmL-1 and tyrosinase inhibition between 400-654 µgâmL-1. The species presented an antimelanogenic effect and an inhibitory activity of cellular tyrosinase (26.6%) at 25 µg/mL. The LC-MS/MS analysis of the spray-dried extract displayed the main and minor phenolic compounds constituting this sample. The results indicate that P. nitida extract has promising features for the development of cosmetic formulations
Subject(s)
Plant Extracts/analysis , Plant Leaves/adverse effects , Cosmetics/classification , Passiflora/classification , Thermogravimetry/methods , X-Rays/adverse effects , Calorimetry, Differential Scanning/methods , Monophenol Monooxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors , Phenolic Compounds , Melanins , Antioxidants/adverse effectsABSTRACT
No processo de blistagem, a formação de resíduos é quase inevitável devido à própria dinâmica e o tipo de matéria prima usada no sistema. Neste trabalho, foi realizada uma análise de resíduos de blister no processo de blistagem na Divisão de Sólidos multipropósito, abordando o tipo de equipamento utilizado no processo, as características do produto formado, os principais fatores envolvidos na geração dos resíduos, e sua quantidade gerada nos lotes analisados. Foi empregada a ferramenta CEP para a análise dos resultados. Apesar de todas as variações encontradas, que avaliaram estabilidade e capacidade dos processos, todos os lotes foram aprovados frente às especificações farmacopeicas. No entanto, há provas de que o processo precisa ser melhorado e pode tornar-se mais eficiente, gerando uma economia para empresa.
In the blister packaging process, the formation of waste is almost inevitable, given the dynamics and type of raw material used in the system. In this study, an analysis of blister waste in the blistering process was carried out in the multipurpose solids Division of a pharmaceutical laboratory, with respect to the type of blister-packing machine used in the process, the characteristics of the product manufactured, the main factors involved in the generation of waste and the amount of waste in the batches analyzed. The SPC tool was used to analyze the results. Despite all the variations found in the graphical analysis of stability and process capacity, all batches complied with the pharmacopeial specifications. However, there is evidence that the process should be improved and could be made more efficient, generating savings for the company.
Subject(s)
Drug Industry/statistics & numerical data , Drug Industry/methods , Drug Industry/organization & administration , Quality Control , Tablets , Waste ProductsABSTRACT
O fluxo contínuo de novos produtos no mercado é fruto da inovação tecnológica apresentada pela Indústria Farmacêutica. O governo Brasileiro tem investido em iniciativas promissoras de inovação através do desenvolvimento de medicamentos para os programas públicos de saúde, instituindo o Programa de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Doenças Negligenciadas, o qual foca sete doenças: dengue, doenças de Chagas, leishmaniose, hanseníase, malária, esquistossomose e tuberculose. O artigo foca uma revisão sobre P&D aplicada à prevenção e controle das doenças negligenciadas no Brasil e no mundo. Com base nos dados levantados, percebeu-se que são grandes as dificuldades para o desenvolvimento de P&D em tecnologias e produtos para combater as doenças negligenciadas e que são poucos os investimentos financeiros nesse segmento quando comparados aos de pesquisas que focam outras enfermidades. Diante disso, pode-se enfatizar a importância de investimentos em pesquisas nesse setor, em saneamento básico e programas educativos que orientem a população sobre combate à proliferação dos vetores e agentes causadores.
The steady stream of new products on the market is the result of technological innovation in the pharmaceutical industry. The Brazilian government has invested in promising initiatives for innovation through the development of drugs for public health programs, setting up the Program for Research and Development on Neglected Diseases, which focuses on seven diseases: dengue fever, Chagas? disease, leishmaniasis, Hansen?s disease, malaria, schistosomiasis and tuberculosis. The article reviews the R&D applied to the prevention and control of neglected diseases in Brazil and worldwide. On the basis of survey data, we note that there are great obstacles to the development of the technology and products needed to fight neglected diseases and there are few investments in this segment in comparison with research that focuses on other diseases. In this light, we stress the importance of investment in research in this area and in sanitation and educational programs to guide the population in combating the proliferation of vectors and causative agents.